Results
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Tuvalu has nine islands: five coral atolls, three table reef islands, and one atoll/reef island. Thelandmass of only 25.3 km2is spread over an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of 749,790 km2. The population is about 11,500, of which 60 % live on the main (capital) island of Funafuti. The land massis entirely low lying with the latest reported, highest (natural) elevation level at 6.54 meters abovesea level. Communities are reliant on subsistence agriculture and fisheries which also underpin alarge part of the national economy.The purpose of this report is to summarise the findings of the assessment of the key climate hazardsimpacting Tuvalu over current and future (multi-decadal) climate change timescales, in particular asrelates to six priority sectors, viz: agriculture, fisheries, water, health, coastaldevelopment/infrastructure and disaster management. More specifically, this assessment isintended to provide science-based evidence to inform an integrated Climate Impact, Vulnerabilityand Risk Assessment (CIVRA) as part of the development of the new National Adaptation Plan (NAP)for Tuvalu funded by the Green Climate Fund (GCF). The key audience for this report is theSecretariat of the Pacific Environment Program (SPREP), as the designated GCF-ImplementationEntity for the Tuvalu NAP project, and the Government of Tuvalu through the mechanism of theTuvalu NAP Country Team. It is however expected the report also has broader utility for other keystakeholders and users of the data and information as might require technical insights around betterunderstanding and reporting of Tuvalu’s current and future climate.Whereas coastal inundation is already an issue due to high tides, storm-surges and sea level rise,other key hazards have also been identified as having material impacts on the priority and related
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SPREP is an intergovernmental organisation charged with promoting cooperation among Pacific Islandcountries and territories to protect and improve their environment and ensure sustainable development, itcomprises 21 members and includes metropolitan members: Australia, New Zealand, France, UnitedKingdom and United States of America.SPREP is currently supporting Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Nauru, Niue and Tuvalu to undergo anational adaptation planning process and the development of a National Adaptation Plan under the GreenClimate fund (GCF), that will form a sustainable platform for future adaptation investments.The adaptation planning process consists of:• Capacity and institutional strengthening• Adaptation planning governance and institutional conditions• Evidence-based adaptation solutions for maximum impact• Adaptation Framework; and• Concept notes to advance the implementation of the NAPTo support evidence-based adaptation solutions for maximum impact, SPREP has requested climate impact,risk and vulnerability assessments (CIVRA) for the four participating countries. SPREP have engaged CSIROto conduct CIVRAs for FSM, Nauru, Niue and Tuvalu. The CIVRAs will inform the prioritisation of climateaction and investment in adaptation.
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CSIRO (2024). Tuvalu National Adaptation Plan - Climate Impact, Vulnerability & Risk Assessment:Vulnerability Assessment Final Report. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO), CSIRO Technical Report, Melbourne, Australia.© Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation 2024. To the extent permitted by law, allrights are reserved and no part of this publication covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in anyform or by any means except with the written permission of CSIRO.Important disclaimerCSIRO advises that the information contained in this publication comprises general statements based onscientific research. The reader is advised and needs to be aware that such information may be incomplete orunable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that informationwithout seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law,CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any person for any consequences,including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses and any other compensation, arising directlyor indirectly from using this publication (in part or in whole) and any information or material contained in it.CSIRO is committed to providing web accessible content wherever possible. If you are having difficulties withaccessing this document please contact csiroenquiries@csiro.au.
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The purpose of this template is to help the National Inventory Coordinator (NIC) develop a National Inventory Improvement Plan (NIIP). Every country should have a comprehensive improvement plan including identifying improvements to methods, data, and the inventory system to improve inventory quality over time, including the transparency, consistency, comparability, completeness, and accuracy of subsequent reported national GHG inventories. Beyond identifying improvement projects, the improvement plan should also the assign a priority level to each proposed project. The plan should also provide an explanation of why certain improvement options should be considered high priority (e.g., key categories), outline implementation details (e.g., projected budget and resource needs), and indicate the time horizon for implementation (e.g., near-term such as the next inventory or long-term meaning future inventories). The plan will likely focus on improvements to key categories, consistent with IPCC good practice guidance, any priority capacity-building needs identified during technical analysis of Biennial Update Reports, Biennial Transparency Reports, or other QA/QC processes, and on all other aspects of the inventory as resources permit.Preparing and reporting an improvement plan is consistent with future reporting requirements under the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF)1. To facilitate continuous improvement, countries should identify, regularly update, and report information on areas of improvement. In addition to areas noted above, improvements should also address capacity constraints related to use of flexibility and in the future, responding to improvements identified by technical expert review teams.
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The purpose of this template is to help you create a complete and accessible archive of your national GHG inventory. The template is also consistent with archiving guidance for future reporting requirements under the Enhanced Transparency Framework1 (ETF) for National GHG Inventories.An inventory archive is a collection of information related to the GHG inventory compilation process, reporting, and institutional arrangements. Having easy access to such information will help:Current and future inventory compilers understand previously used data, methodologies, structures, processes, etc., so that they can prepare the inventory efficiently and in a manner that is consistent with prior inventories,Increase the sustainability of the national GHG inventory management system over time, andIncrease the transparency of current reporting under the UNFCCC (e.g., for National Communications and Biennial Update Reports), in addition to transparency of future reporting under the ETF. This can be particularly valuable for peer review processes, such as International Consultation and Analysis.The Archiving Coordinator (see roles documented in Template 2. Institutional Arrangements) is encouraged to use this template to develop an Archiving System before the national GHG inventory compilation cycle begins, and to document potential improvements to the Archiving System based on lessons learned from archiving materials or accessing these materials later. An Archiving System enables the efficient compilation of an archive that is consistent across all sectors and categories. The Archiving Coordinator may need to work with the National Inventory Coordinator (NIC) and other inventory team members to develop this plan.
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The supporting tool accompanied with this template enables a GHG inventory team to determine key categories of GHG emissions and removals from GHG inventory estimates.
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The purpose of this template is to help you, the National Inventory Coordinator (NIC) or key category analysis (KCA) lead, prepare your country’s national GHG inventory. You may use this template with other software or by following the guidance in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines.[1] This template facilitates development of key category analysis consistent with future reporting requirements under the Enhanced Transparency Framework[2] (ETF) for National GHG Inventories. The template and tool also accommodate the use of flexibility in meeting this requirement (e.g., using a lower threshold in identifying key categories). This template uses the IPCC methodologies to determine key categories: Approach 1. Approach 1 assesses the relevance of each category compared to total national emissions in the current year (“level assessment”), and its influence on the overall trend when comparing the current year and the base year (“trend assessment”). In the Approach 1 methodology, key categories are identified using a pre-determined cumulative emissions threshold, where key categories are those that sum to 95% of the total level when summed together in descending order of magnitude.
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The purpose of this template is to help countries develop a quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) plan for current reporting under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (e.g., Biennial Update Reports) and future required reporting under the Enhanced Transparency Framework[1] (ETF) for National GHG Inventories. It includes a series of tables in which you may record country-specific information about QA/QC activities in order to create a QA/QC plan. It also includes three QA/QC checklists you may use to track progress of the QA/QC work done.The planning and implementation of QA/QC procedures are important parts of the development of national greenhouse gas inventories. A QA/QC plan helps identify improvement options to enhance transparency, accuracy, consistency, comparability, completeness in national GHG inventories. A QA/QC plan also builds confidence in national GHG inventories. The template can help improve countries’ understanding of elements of a QA/QC plan to improve inventory management and reporting over time.To complete this template, the National Inventory Coordinator (NIC) and QA/QC Coordinator, with support from other key inventory team members as required, should carry out the steps enumerated below by following the instructions above each table in this template.
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The GHG data repository tool encompasses activity data collection templates for relevant sectors and subsectors.
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This template is accompanied by a supporting template for drafting an agreement between a ministry developing GHG estimates and a data provider that is supplying confidential business information (CBI) for the development of GHG estimates.